Chukim and Mishpatim

Generally, hukkim seem to be irrational and, if not for the 

Divine imperative, we would never observe them. We assume 

a Divine purpose and value, but we cannot fathom them. The 

mishpatim, on the other hand, reflect cultural and humanistic 

considerations. Yet the force of the Divine command applies to 

both, demanding observance and unqualified commitment. We 

intend to analyze the nature of the hok and also to explain why 

the mishpat needs the support of the same Divine imperative 

as the [10k. Would oursocial conscience not be sufficient motiva- 

tion for the mishpat?

Analyzing the Hok. Rashi cites a Rabbinic comment on the 

Parah Adumah rite: "It is a decree ordained by Me. You have 

no right to question it" (Num. 19:2). This suggests that the 

hok can be defined as an absolute norm and an ultimate com- 

mand, demanding total submission without reservations. It is to 

be affirmed even if "Satan and the nations of the world taunt 

Israel," ridiculing its irrationality. The observant Jew accepts 

the Torah even as a patient follows the prescription of his doc- 

tor, taking complex medications and submitting to required 

surgical procedures. We may seek to understand and make all 

possible inquiries, but ultimately we accept it on faith. The Lord, 

Creator and Healer of all flesh, undoubtedly knows what is best 

for our bodies and souls as well as what is harmful to them. 

Reflections of the Rav, p. 100

R’ Joseph B. Soloveitchik